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Each lab will have you perform the experiment and collect data on the data sheet. The data sheet can be found in your lab manual for each experiment. Be aware of the significant figures you record on you data sheet as it will affect any subsequent calculations. Your values should be what you obtain while performing lab. Any given examples with values will be with mock values. Use of these values will almost assuredly give you nonsensical calculations.

 

data sheet guide

A. Physical Properties

  1. Physical Appearance

    • this section will be completed outside of lab. A good RESOURCE (link).

  2. Melting and Boiling Points

    • this section will be completed outside of lab. A good RESOURCE (link).

  3. Asks to compare general trends of MP and BP down a group (column) of metals to nonmetals

    • use table from question 2

  4. Asks to compare general trends of MP and BP across a period (row)

    • use table from question 2

  5. Predict the MP and BP range of the blanks in Question 2

    • use table from question 2 and RESOURCE (link).

 

b. oxides and hydroxides of the elements

6. Ask to describe changes to litmus paper in different solutions

Here you describe what you see when dipping litmus paper into the solutions. The color change will determine whether it’s an acid or base. (e.g., red litmus —> blue = base, blue litmus —> red = acid)

(click to enlarge)

(click to enlarge)

Part B. Oxide/Hydroxide Solutions Acidic or Basic (click to enlarge)

 

7. Asks the change in basicity/acidity across periodic table

Notice the solutions can be grouped into the same period (Na, Mg, P; B, C…). Use this and your observations from part 6 answer this question. Also, be very clear and specify increase or decrease, location and direction. For example, “Acidity [increases/decreases] from[left/right] to [left/right] across the periodic table.”

 

C. reactivity of a metal group

8-10. Ask to describe what happens with different metals (Li, Na, K) in water

Describe what you observe. Be descriptive. Don’t just describe in one word. TAs have been known to count off on simple descriptive sections. You will have to determine how your TA grades and the degree of detail that is needed.

11. Asks about change in reactivity of metals going down the periodic table

Use you observation from questions 8-10 and the periodic table. Be very clear and specify increase or decrease, location and direction. For example, “Reactivity [increases/decreases] from[top/bottom] to [top/bottom].”

 

D. Reactivity across a period

12. Ask to describe elements with water and acid

Describe what you observe. Be descriptive. Don’t just describe in one word. TAs have been known to count off on simple descriptive sections. You will have to determine how your TA grades and the degree of detail that is needed.

13. Asks about change in reactivity of elements across the periodic table

Use you observation from questions 8-10 and the periodic table.Bbe very clear and specify increase or decrease, location and direction. For example, “Reactivity [increases/decreases] from[left/right] to [left/right] across the periodic table.”

Part D. Reactivity Across a Period (click to enlarge)

 

Part E. Reactivity of Non-Metals (click to enlarge)

e. Reactivity of a non-metal group

14. You are asked to describe solutions and the mixing of solutions

Describe what you observe. Be descriptive. Don’t just describe in one word. TAs have been known to count off on simple descriptive sections. You will have to determine how your TA grades and the degree of detail that is needed.

15. You are asked to order the reactivity of Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine.

Answer using the data in Question 14 and your knowledge of periodic trends (link). It may be helpful to understand that a reaction will occur and replace or displace another if it is more reactive.